Metals Oxides-Reinforced Epoxy Nanocomposites for Energy Applications: A First Comparative Study of the Structural and Optical Properties of SnO2 and ZnO Oxides

This study aims to address a major challenge and find solutions for developing less expensive, lighter, and more efficient energy storage materials while remaining environmentally friendly. This work combines the study of the structural, morphological, and optical properties of epoxy nanocomposites containing ZnO and SnO2 and highlights the influence of oxide filler content on their energy storage performance. To this end, epoxy nanocomposites filled with metal oxides (ZnO and SnO2) prepared by extrusion, a simple, economical, and reliable industrial method, were studied and compared. The materials obtained are inexpensive, lightweight, and highly efficient, and can replace traditional glass-based systems in the energy sector. The results of XRD, SEM, and FTIR analyses show the absence of impurities, the stability of the structures in humid environments, and the homogeneity of the prepared films. They also indicate that the nature and charge content of the oxide integrated into the polymer matrix play a significant role in the properties of the nanocomposites. Optical measurements were used to determine the film thickness, the type of electronic transition, the band gap energy, and the Urbach energy. Based on the results obtained, the prepared nanocomposite films appear to be promising materials for energy-based optical applications.