Nevus sebaceous: A clinical and dermoscopic correlation– A case report and review of literature

Nevus sebaceous is categorised as a rare, congenital hamartoma that primarily affects sebaceous glands. This condition predominantly occurs on the scalp, affecting over 50% of cases. The majority of these lesions are benign, with a malignancy risk of <5%. Neoplasms are most frequently observed in individuals during their fourth decade of life, with an incidence rate ranging from 10% to 30%. Dermoscopy, a non-invasive imaging method, can aid in the diagnosis of nevus sebaceous and may also be useful in monitoring the disease’s progression to detect any malignant transformations, thus serving as both a diagnostic and prognostic modality. Here, we present a case involving a 14-year-old male who had nevus sebaceous over the face. This report highlights the significance of dermoscopy in facilitating the diagnosis and monitoring its progression to neoplasm, all the while avoiding invasive procedures such as biopsy or excision, particularly in facial areas. This aids in the early detection and hence prevention of malignancy.