Hematological alterations in erythrogram, leukogram, and thrombogram of rats with doxorubicin-induced renal toxicity

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a widely used antineoplastic agent in cancer treatment; however, it has several drawbacks that can cause harmful effects on various organs, especially the kidneys. Nevertheless, it does not fully reveal the extent of DOX-induced tissue damage. Therefore, it is crucial to clarify the risks associated with DOX-mediated tissue injury. A total of 14 female Wistar Albino rats were divided into two equal groups: Control and Dox. The Dox group received a single dose of 20 mg/kg DOX. Kidney, liver, and blood samples were collected for further analysis. Hematoxylin-Eosin staining and biochemical tests were conducted to assess DOX-induced tissue damage. Our results showed that the Dox group experienced significant glomerular atrophy. Parameters such as RBC, HGB, HCT, and MCHC were also significantly higher compared to the Control group. No significant differences were observed in liver tissues between the groups. Inflammatory markers were also evaluated. NLR and SII scores showed statistically significant differences between the groups. Administration of DOX caused alterations in erythrocyte and leukocyte parameters, with notable changes in renal tissue characterized by glomerular atrophy.