Bedload Transport Velocities in Alpine Gravel-Bed Streams

The present study presents long-term monitoring data on the dynamics of bedload transport processes in alpine gravel-bed river systems in Austria (Urslau, Strobler-Weißenbach) using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. The detection of embedded RFID tracers was facilitated by the use of stationary antennas. This methodology enabled the acquisition of high-resolution data on particle transport velocities, transport distances, and sediment dynamics. Monitoring has been in operation permanently over a period of 8 years, including several intense flood events. In total, 1612 RFID-tagged stones were deployed, and the maximum measured particle velocity was 2.47 m s−1. The measurements at the Urslau stream revealed seasonal variability and long-term trends, while targeted short-term measurements at the Strobler-Weißenbach stream provided valuable insights into the dynamics of flood events. The results underscore the significance of environmental factors, including the grain size, river gradient, and hydraulic parameters, in the dynamics of bedload transport in alpine gravel bed streams. Furthermore, the efficiency of stationary antennas was optimised to ensure uninterrupted monitoring. This study underscores the importance of contemporary monitoring technologies in analysing river processes and addressing challenges, including those brought about by climate change.