Technocratic Rationality: A Post-Keynesian View of Artificial Intelligence in Academic Management

Abstract The present study analyzes the incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) in the academic management models of public and private universities, in the light of orthodox and heterodox currents of economics. Based on a theoretical-analytical approach, the article discusses how AI redefines institutional rationality, balancing technical efficiency and social purpose in higher education. It is argued that, from the orthodox perspective, AI reinforces control and performance mechanisms, while, from the heterodox perspective, it represents a tool for democratization and innovation in educational policy. It is concluded that the integration between algorithmic governance and equity principles can configure a new paradigm of educational management, focused on both productivity and inclusion. Keywords: academic management; artificial intelligence; heterodox economics; agile governance; digital transformation.