The Effects of Physical Activity from The Perspective Objectively Measured Outcomes in Overweight and Obese Adults: Systematic Review

Aim/Objective: Obesity and inadequate physical activity are the leading global health problems. Overweight and obese individuals generally can not achieve the recommended physical activity level due to their low physical fitness level. The purpose of present review is to investigate and evaluate the effects of objectively measured physical activity in overweight and obese adults. Methods: This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guideline statement. PubMed and PEDro databases were searched. The randomized controlled trials published from January 2015 to November 2021 that investigating the relationship between obesity and objectively measured physical activity in adult individuals were browsed. A total of 298 articles were identified from the database searches. PEDro for methodological quality of studies and Cochrane Collaborations’ tool for risk of bias were used. Seven studies which were moderate-to-high levels of evidence were included. The protocol of this review is available from PROSPERO (CRD42022315492) Results: The results of the studies were investigated in three categories: advice-based, behavioral-based, and exercise-based. Three studies evaluating anthropometric measurements showed a significant difference in BMI and weight; two studies showed a significant difference in waist circumference in favor of the exercise group. Most of the studies showed improvement in physical activity level in favor of all intervention categories. Conclusion: Exercise-based interventions can be used for improving anthropometry and body composition; exercise-based and advice-based interventions can be used for the VO2peak value, and exercise-based, advice-based and behavior-based interventions can be used for the PAL.