A Review on Role of Lithium in Alzheimers Disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterised by amyloid accumulation, tau hyperphosphorylation, and progressive cognitive decline. Emerging evidence suggests that lithium, even at trace levels, supports neuronal survival by modulating GSK-3β, enhancing neurogenesis, reducing inflammation, and stabilising mitochondria. Epidemiological and experimental studies indicate that lithium deficiency may increase AD risk, while microdose lithium shows promise in improving cognition and reducing pathology with minimal toxicity. This review summarises current findings linking lithium deficiency to AD and highlights its potential as a preventive neuroprotective strategy.