A Novel Method for Determining the Optimal Transition Point from Surface to Underground Exploitation of Dimension Stone

This paper introduces a novel method for determining the optimal exploitation contour, that is, the point of transition from surface to underground exploitation of dimension stone. Exploitation of dimension stone is primarily carried out using surface mining from the main plateau, but it can also be done by underground or combined methods. The decision regarding the mining method—surface, underground, or combined—is made before mining operations commence. This occurs during preliminary, pre-investment, and investment studies. The choice of mining method primarily depends on natural, technological, environmental, and economic factors, which together form a group referred to as techno-economic factors that influence the decision in varying proportions. Using the novel method for comparing techno-economic factors, the optimal transition point (OTP) from surface to underground exploitation of dimension stone deposits was determined. The position of the OTP from surface to underground mining of dimension stone is not a constant value; it changes over time and space according to techno-economic factors.