Impact of maternal diet on microbiota and health during pregnancy: a systematic review and correlational meta-analysis

This systematic review found that specific dietary components, particularly fiber, omega-3 fatty acids, and micronutrients, were associated with differences in maternal gut microbiota, with potential relevance to metabolic outcomes such as GDM, obesity, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. Meta-analysis results indicate that maternal health status significantly moderated the associations between dietary fat and protein intake and microbial taxa, suggesting that precision nutrition interventions warrant evaluation in metabolically at-risk populations. This study was registered at PROSPERO as CRD420251085137.