Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation on Ovarian Reserve: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background and Aims: Presently, it is debatable if vitamin D supplementation can influence anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels through ovarian folliculogenisis; hence, an attempt to conduct present review was made. Methods: A meta-analysis of studies with pre–post intervention in women with diminished/poor ovarian reserve was carried out and was registered prospectively on Prospero (CRD42022353909). Search was carried out on PubMed, Embase and CTRI using a predefined search strategy. Studies in which the vitamin D as an intervention was provided to a same-group pre–post were include in the review. Results: A total of 11, 922 records were identified initially, after applying filters for studies published in the last decade among humans and published only in English language were assessed. We screened 5643 articles for title followed by abstract of 586 and full text of 57. Finally, a total of 3 pre–post interventional studies were included as per the screening criteria. Pooled analysis did not show any statistically significant association for the outcome changes in AMH levels post vitamin D intervention (Q-value = 5.27, P- value = 0.07) with degree of heterogeneity I 2 = 62% with 95% C.I. 0.0% to 89.2%. Pooled effect size using random effect model was 0.88 with 95% C.I. 0.73 to 1.03. Conclusion: The present meta-analysis did not show any favorable effect for vitamin D and AMH levels. However, the results should be interpreted more carefully since only 3 studies were included.