Strengthening community engagement in pandemic preparedness: insights from COVID-19 response in Sidama Region, Ethiopia

While knowledge of COVID-19 was relatively high, attitudes were only moderate and preventive practices remained low. The finding that only 35% of the population actively participated in COVID-19 response efforts highlights a critical gap in community engagement during health crises. From an emergency management perspective, this calls for more effective strategies to translate awareness into proactive involvement. The Ministry of Health and WHO must focus on trust-building, communication, and empowering local leaders to mobilize communities. Tailored, community-driven models and culturally appropriate messaging are essential to ensure grassroots resilience and preparedness in future pandemics.