Communicating autism: a qualitative analysis of daily challenges and adaptations

Purpose This study aims to explore the daily challenges and adaptive communication strategies of Filipino families caring for children with autism. By focusing on family guardians’ lived experiences, it highlights barriers such as limited resources, high therapy costs, public stigma, coping mechanisms and impact to the faith to God. The research proposes the Autism Communication Support Framework (ACSF) to improve inclusion, support and policy for families affected by autism in Butuan City and throughout the Philippines. Design/methodology/approach This study used a qualitative, phenomenological approach, interviewing 60 Guardians of family members from therapy centers in Butuan City. The interviews documented their experiences, coping mechanisms and communication behaviors. Thematic analysis revealed consistent themes, while ethical protocols ensured voluntary participation, providing a comprehensive understanding of familial dynamics and autism caregiving difficulties. Findings Guardian caregiving is predominantly undertaken by middle-aged, married women from middle-income households, who encounter considerable financial and emotional stressors. Notwithstanding these challenges, families demonstrate resilience via transparent communication and collective duties. External challenges encompass expensive therapy, limited governmental assistance and societal stigma. The research highlights the significance of advocacy, accessible resources and culturally attuned communication to enhance support and inclusion for families with autistic children. Research limitations/implications This study’s focus on urban, middle-income families in Butuan City may overlook rural or lower-income perspectives, necessitating comprehensive research for more inclusive autism policy and interventions. Practical implications The Autism Communication Support Framework (ACSF) provides guidelines for caregiver training, accessible services and government support, serving as a blueprint for comprehensive autism support at local, national and international levels. Social implications Promoting open communication and public advocacy helps reduce stigma and foster social inclusion for autistic individuals. This study encourages collective action and community engagement to better support families facing autism. Originality/value The research uniquely examines Filipino family experiences with autism, introduces ACSF and addresses local gaps, offering culturally relevant recommendations for improving care and policy in the Philippines.