Analysis and Optimization of the Orbital Configuration of a Constellation of Satellites Intended For Romanian Nationwide Communications in the X-Band

A bstract This paper presents the results of an analysis and optimization of a Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) CubeSat satellite constellation transmitting in the X-band, aimed at ensuring reliable nationwide microwave communications in Romania. A practical case study was conducted, focusing on clearly defined performance objectives, including territorial coverage, redundancy, and system resilience. The satellite constellation was modelled and simulated using the ANSYS Systems Tool Kit and further optimized through multi-objective genetic algorithms in MATLAB. The results provide optimized orbital configuration solutions and performance metrics, representing a first step toward strengthening Romania’s technological autonomy in the field of microwave communications.