Meralgia Paresthetica: A Review

Abstract Meralgia paresthetica (MP) is a pain-and-paresthesia syndrome of the anterolateral thigh caused by compression of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN). The diagnosis is primarily clinical, while ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and electrodiagnostic studies may assist in atypical cases. We reviewed the most relevant publications on MP from 1979 to 2025, searching PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane, Scopus, ResearchGate, and Google with the descriptors: “meralgia paresthetica” and “lateral femoral cutaneous nerve of the thigh.” A total of 131 articles were considered; 37 references published within the last five years were highlighted. Multiple risk factors contribute to MP. First-line management is conservative; surgery is considered for refractory cases. Diagnosis can be challenging, often delayed by variable presentation and low awareness. Evidence guiding the most effective non-surgical and surgical interventions remains limited. Further studies are needed to improve clinical diagnosis and clarify optimal treatment strategies.