Crater-based Dating of Hebrus Valles and Hephaestus Fossae, Mars

Abstract Hebrus Valles (HV) and Hephaestus Fossae (HF) are connected outflow channel systems in Utopia Planitia, Mars. Previous investigations concluded that these features were carved by liquid water into a tectonically fractured terrain in the Late Hesperian or Early Amazonian (&gt;3 Ga). However, their formation ages were poorly constrained. We use crater-based surface dating to determine model ages of the Utopia Planitia geologic units incised by HV and HF. For these units, we obtain model formation ages of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>6</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.07</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.06</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> – <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> Ga and model resurfacing ages of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> – <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1.8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> Ga, where μ represents uncertainties in absolute model age calibration. Using the buffered crater counting method, we also obtain model ages of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> Ga and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>9</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> Ga for the channels, coinciding with the peak of volcanic activity in the neighboring Elysium province. This confirms that Mars had geologically recent (Amazonian period), volcanically driven outflow channel activity, with implications for climate and habitability.

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Journal
The Planetary Science Journal
Published
2025-12-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3847/psj/ae0721
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Planetary Science and Exploration
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article

Crater-based Dating of Hebrus Valles and Hephaestus Fossae, Mars

Christopher W. Hamilton, S. Nerozzi, Reed Spurling
The Planetary Science Journal
Planetary Science and Exploration
article

Crater-based Dating of Hebrus Valles and Hephaestus Fossae, Mars

Christopher W. Hamilton, S. Nerozzi, Reed Spurling
article en

Abstract

Abstract Hebrus Valles (HV) and Hephaestus Fossae (HF) are connected outflow channel systems in Utopia Planitia, Mars. Previous investigations concluded that these features were carved by liquid water into a tectonically fractured terrain in the Late Hesperian or Early Amazonian (&gt;3 Ga). However, their formation ages were poorly constrained. We use crater-based surface dating to determine model ages of the Utopia Planitia geologic units incised by HV and HF. For these units, we obtain model formation ages of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>6</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.07</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.06</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> – <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> Ga and model resurfacing ages of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> – <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1.8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> Ga, where μ represents uncertainties in absolute model age calibration. Using the buffered crater counting method, we also obtain model ages of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> Ga and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>9</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> Ga for the channels, coinciding with the peak of volcanic activity in the neighboring Elysium province. This confirms that Mars had geologically recent (Amazonian period), volcanically driven outflow channel activity, with implications for climate and habitability.

The Planetary Science JournalVol. 6(12)
Openalex Percentile: Top 29%
Planetary Science and Exploration
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