Crater-based Dating of Hebrus Valles and Hephaestus Fossae, Mars
Abstract Hebrus Valles (HV) and Hephaestus Fossae (HF) are connected outflow channel systems in Utopia Planitia, Mars. Previous investigations concluded that these features were carved by liquid water into a tectonically fractured terrain in the Late Hesperian or Early Amazonian (>3 Ga). However, their formation ages were poorly constrained. We use crater-based surface dating to determine model ages of the Utopia Planitia geologic units incised by HV and HF. For these units, we obtain model formation ages of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>6</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.07</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.06</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> – <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>3</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> Ga and model resurfacing ages of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> – <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1.8</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.1</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> Ga, where μ represents uncertainties in absolute model age calibration. Using the buffered crater counting method, we also obtain model ages of <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> Ga and <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" overflow="scroll"> <mml:mi>μ</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:msubsup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>.</mml:mo> <mml:mn>9</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>−</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.3</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> <mml:mn>0.4</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msubsup> </mml:math> Ga for the channels, coinciding with the peak of volcanic activity in the neighboring Elysium province. This confirms that Mars had geologically recent (Amazonian period), volcanically driven outflow channel activity, with implications for climate and habitability.
Authors
- Christopher W. Hamilton (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9731-517X)
- S. Nerozzi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1236-535X)
- Reed Spurling
Publication Details
- Journal
- The Planetary Science Journal
- Published
- 2025-12-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/psj/ae0721
- Primary Topic
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00