Introducing a New Hypothesis in the Genesis of Breast Cancer: An Integrative Review
After identifying contradictions in current theories about the influence of estrogen on tumor proliferation, which encouraged the search for new interpretations, it was demonstrated that free estrogen and its by-products, such as fibrinogen-related protein (fibrinogen-like protein 1 and 2), play a role in the immune system's failure to contain malignant cells, opening another field of therapeutic research for breast cancer.
Authors
- Jan Pawel Andrade Pachnicki (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0426-1999)
- Giovanna Braz Junkes
- CLARA MARIE CAYET
- Diego dos Santos
- Vitória Lodi Carvalho
- Maria Eduarda Hibarino
- Julia Petry
Institutions
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (BR)
- Faculdade Evangélica do Paraná (BR)
- Universidade Federal do Paraná (BR)
- Universidade Positivo (BR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Breast Cancer Targets and Therapy
- Published
- 2025-12-01
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.2147/bctt.s551004
- Primary Topic
- Blood properties and coagulation
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00