Nanopore sequencing for molecular diagnostics of plant pathogens and environmental monitoring to enhance crop health and sustainability

Abstract The agricultural sector is currently confronting a myriad of challenges arising from both biotic or pathogenic and abiotic factors inherent in diverse ecological zones. Imbalances in these factors can severely affect plant health, making it essential to address the underlying stressors promptly. Conventional methods utilized for plant pathogen identification and resolution often entail time-consuming procedures and are susceptible to trial errors or failures, consequently resulting in diminished yield production. Nanopore sequencing has become a significantly delicate and efficient approach for identifying pathogens concurrently, successfully overcoming the shortcomings of earlier sequencing methods. Electrical conductivity based changes are optimised for the identification of the base sequence in single DNA as well as RNA strands through nanopore technique. These process offers the accelerated accuracy in detecting wide array of pathogens and stress markers. These study examines conventional to modern techniques of sequencing in phytopathology, moreover it focuses on nanopore sequencing role in decreasing the stress among crop. Conventionally, selective breeding, chemical treatments, and GMOs created limiting impact over public acceptance with reference to ecological behaviour. Nanopore technique provides the sustainability to enable farmers to execute the directed decisions for crop enhancement through resilience and productivity. These approach significantly offers promising future of sustainable agriculture with detrimental increase in yield.