Formulation, Development and Characterization of Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Loaded Topical Gel for Atopic Dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by pruritus, eczematous lesions, and impaired skin barrier function. Conventional topical corticosteroid therapies are often limited by poor skin penetration, frequent application, and potential adverse effects. The present study aimed to develop and evaluate a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC)–based topical gel to enhance dermal delivery of a poorly water-soluble anti-inflammatory corticosteroid. NLCs were prepared using a biocompatible solid–liquid lipid matrix and optimized surfactants (Poloxamer 188 and Tween 80) through homogenization and ultrasonication. The optimized formulation exhibited favorable particle size, high drug entrapment efficiency, and sustained drug release. Incorporation of NLCs into a Carbopol-based gel resulted in a formulation with suitable pH, viscosity, spreadability, and rheological properties for topical application. The NLC-loaded gel demonstrated enhanced skin permeation and retention, indicating improved therapeutic efficacy and reduced dosing frequency. This NLC-in-gel system offers a promising and patient-compliant approach for the topical treatment of atopic dermatitis.