Effect of axial misalignment on lubrication behaviors of thrust bearings with different cavity structures

To solve the problem of unclear anti-misaligned performance of four different thrust bearings, the computational models for the fluid domains of the four types of cavity-structured thrust bearings were established. The variations in reliability, cooling performance, and dynamic characteristics of the four types of bearings under different operating conditions were discussed. The influence mechanism of misalignment on the oil film characteristics was revealed. The anti-misaligned performance of different bearings was compared. The results indicate that as the misaligned degree (MD) increases, the pressure distribution range of Nos. 2 and 3 pads of the bearing slightly expands, while the pressure distribution range of the remaining pads significantly decreases. Under different operating conditions, as the misaligned degree increases, the minimum film thickness and Sommerfeld number significantly decrease, while the maximum pressure, maximum shear stress, and stiffness notably increase. The temperature rise, maximum temperature, and damping generally show a slight reduction. When the rotational speed decreases or the axial external load increases, the influence of the misalign degree on the lubrication characteristics of the thrust bearing becomes more pronounced. The taper-pocket thrust bearing (TPTB) exhibits the best anti-misaligned performance. The findings provide theoretical guidance for the design and optimization of thrust bearings.