Τhe group behind the glass: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of online group psychotherapy in the time of Covid-19 in Greece

The aim of the study was to investigate the experience of group psychotherapists about online group psychotherapy during the Covid-19 lockdown period. The study examined the psychotherapists’ experiences regarding the groups’ online conduction, the challenges and possibilities that emerged, as well as the effect of the online therapeutic setting on group interaction and on therapeutic interventions. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 15 group psychotherapists, from different therapeutic approaches. Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis was applied for data analysis. A major finding concerns the specific character of the online psychotherapy setting, which had to be adjusted and reconceptualized to the physical distance and the technology involvement. Remote participation in the group seemed to weaken the setting against ruptures and to disrupt confidentiality. According to findings, the online setting proved less adequate in establishing relationships and group cohesion. It was found that: a) due to the lack of physical presence in a common shared space, the perception of the group in its whole is limited and b) the absence of a physical space both enables or obstructs self-disclosure and feelings of intimacy, and intensifies aggression. Online group therapy was viewed as less effective and more as a solution out of necessity during the pandemic, with yet a positive subjective therapeutic outcome. The clinicians’ ability to adapt therapeutic practice, according to conditions is important in order to ensure a safe environment for the provision of psychotherapy in times of crisis. Since online psychotherapy requires specific skills and training, the results contribute by making specific suggestions to understanding and adopting effective online group interventions.