Investigating the Effect of Grid-Serving Heat Pump Curtailments on the Thermal Behavior of Residential Buildings

In the course of the heating transition, a significant increase in the heat supply of residential buildings with heat pumps is to be expected, increasing the importance of demand-side management. This paper presents an approach to analyze the grid-serving flexibility potential of heat pumps by utilizing a variable room temperature within given limits. The developed model makes it possible to investigate the effects of curtailments of the heat pumps' electrical power on the room temperature for an arbitrary building and different refurbishment standards. The results show an initially high sensitivity of the perceived room temperature to the heating power due to the rapid change in the air temperature, followed by a stabilization due to the heat stored by the building mass. The time during the curtailments within a specified range for the room temperature can be increased by almost 60 % by using a higher refurbishment standard.