Quantity-effect correlation between water intake and serum uric acid in US adults: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES data

This study found a negative correlation between water intake/body weight and SUA, particularly in females. Moreover, the negative relationship exhibited nonlinear characteristics, following an L-shaped curve. Plasma osmolality was found to play a mediating role in the reduction of SUA by water intake. These findings support personalized water intake guidance-targeting intake below inflection points (7.591 g/kg for total plain water, 33.57 g/kg for total moisture) may optimize SUA reduction (especially in females) and inform non-pharmacological HUA management in clinical practice.