Functional and Clinical Evaluation of a Natural Formulation for Trans-2-nonenal Removal

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of a functional composite material derived from Seomoktae, rice bran, and water parsley to improve senile body odor. Methods: To maximize the removal of trans-2-nonenal—the key compound responsible for age-related odor—we applied a central composite design (CCD) to determine the optimal composite ratio (OCR). Antioxidant and antibacterial properties against axillary odor-causing bacteria were then compared between the OCR and its individual components. Additionally, soap formulated with the OCR was used in olfactory evaluations and human clinical trials using odor measurement (POLFA device). Results: CCD analysis generated a statistically significant quadratic regression model. The OCR, identified as 449.8 mg of Seomoktae, 14 mg of rice bran, and 4.8 mg of water parsley, demonstrating significantly improved trans-2-nonenal removal compared to each ingredient alone. The OCR also exhibited notable antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, supporting its multifunctional efficacy. Furthermore, the application of OCR-formulated soap significantly enhanced deodorizing performance relative to the control group. Conclusion: This study confirms both the functional benefits and practical usability of this natural composite formulation. These results offer a foundation for future studies aimed at improving efficacy and enhancing commercialization opportunities.