Efficacy and safety of newer biologic therapies in psoriasis treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT The chronic skin disorder known as psoriasis is caused by various factors, such as genetics, environmental factors, and immune system dysfunction. It is characterized by a high number of cases of plaque psoriasis. Biologic drugs have revolutionized the treatment of this condition. Our research intends to examine the influence of biological therapies on the quality of life, comparing the effectiveness and potential risks of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-17 inhibitors, assess their adverse effects, and determine their cost-effectiveness in treating psoriasis. A systematic review was carried out using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses standards, with electronic databases searched for research on psoriasis, biologics, TNF-α, and IL-17 inhibitors. Studies published in the last 5 years were included in the study. Eligible studies encompassed randomized controlled trials, observational research, and case–control studies. Meta-analysis indicators included risk ratio (RR), standard error, random effects, and confidence intervals. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, and heterogeneity was examined using random-effects regression. Despite significant variability ( I 2 values: efficacy 96%, safety 94%), the meta-analysis found both interventions effective and safe. The efficacy RR of 0.69 showed substantial improvement in psoriasis control, and the safety RR of 0.54 indicated fewer side effects. Both efficacy and safety results were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Biologic therapies are effective and safe for psoriasis treatment, with a favorable risk–benefit profile. Future research should address the causes of heterogeneity and focus on improving treatment outcomes.