Dimensions and Effects of Poland’s Socio-Economic Support for Ukrainian Women in the Face of the War in Ukraine

Abstract The article explores Poland’s socio-economic support for Ukrainian women during the war in Ukraine, emphasising how this assistance has enabled their integration into the workforce. The article explores Poland’s socio-economic support and presents the socio-economic dimension of Poland’s support for Ukrainian women amid the war in Ukraine, highlighting how this support has facilitated their participation in the workforce. The aim of the article is to analyse the decisions of the Polish government and local authorities, as well as the actions of employers, nongovernmental organisations and the Polish public in providing assistance to Ukrainian women who fled the war in Ukraine. It addresses the following research questions: What actions have the Polish government and other entities taken to provide socio-economic support for Ukrainian women? What factors have influenced the establishment of sole proprietorships in Poland by Ukrainian women? Were there any barriers hindering the professional activity of Ukrainian women in Poland? The research reported in this paper covers the years 2022–2023 and focuses on Ukrainian women, who represented the largest demographic group among refugees. Due to various barriers, most were employed below their qualifications. However, some demonstrated significant creativity by establishing their own businesses.