A Comprehensive 2-year Analysis of Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Risk Factors, Recovery, and Mortality at Somalia’s Largest Tertiary Hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia

Abstract Background and Aims: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a distinct type of cardiomyopathy, usually dilated cardiomyopathy, with no apparent etiology in late pregnancy up to 6 months after delivery. A high index of suspicion is required for the diagnosis, as it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted in the cardiology department of a tertiary care hospital in Mogadishu, Somalia. We enrolled 72 patients with PPCM between January 2021 and January 2022 and compared 72 mothers who had delivered during the same period with a control group. We examined transthoracic echocardiography findings in terms of ejection fraction at admission and 2 years, associated comorbidities, laboratory tests, and nutritional status. We also compared the demographic data, comorbidity, and survival status of both groups. Results: This study compared individuals with PPCM to a control group. Significant differences were found in echocardiographic parameters, serum creatinine levels, and magnesium levels between the two groups (PPCM: 33.67 ± 9.70 vs. Control: 62.47 ± 4.01, P = 0.000), (PPCM: 1.63 ± 1.91 vs. Control: 1.61 ± 3.36, P = 0.020), and (PPCM: 1.92 ± 0.67 vs. Control: 2.18 ± 0.56, P = 0.012), respectively. Furthermore, significant differences were detected in terms of mortality (PPCM: 20.2% vs. Control: 0%, P < 0.001). Conclusion: PPCM poses a significant maternal health burden in Somalia, with a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Early detection and targeted management are essential to improve outcomes in resource-limited settings.