Theories and Methods for Identifying Compound Chain-associated Major Geohazard Risks：Status and Prospect

Compound chain-associated major geohazards are driven by multi-sphere interactions and multi-dynamic coupling，exhibiting cascading chain effects. The identification of potential hazards faces challenges such as unclear disaster-forming mechanisms，insufficient technological synergy，and incomplete spatial coverage. Since the disaster-chain process of geological hazards represents an entropy-reducing process，this study，based on the Principle of Least Action，elucidates the matter-energy transmission theory in time and space during disaster-chain evolution，and establishes a three-level hazard identification system coordinated across theoretical，technical，and national dimensions. At the theoretical level，the system analyzes the multi-physical-field feedback coupling mechanisms of risk sources and formulates spatial-domain identification criteria. At the technical level，it develops a hazard identification framework integrating multi-source observations，geological mechanics，and energy gradients. At the national level，it optimizes full-scale disaster prevention layouts through data sharing and intelligent zoning. Future research should further overcome the bottlenecks in multi-sphere coupling modeling and multi-physical-field sensing，enhance the precision of hazard identification for compound chain-induced major geohazards，and promote the evolution of geological disaster prevention and control toward greater intelligence and globalization.