Biochemical Mechanisms of Lipid Metabolism and Dietary Fats: A Comprehensive Review

Lipid metabolism governs the synthesis, degradation, and utilization of fats, influencing energy production, cellular structure, and signaling pathways. Developing solutions to prevent and control health disorders like obesity, cardiovascular illnesses, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) requires an understanding of how various types of dietary lipids impact these pathways. With an emphasis on how saturated, unsaturated, and trans fats affect important functions like fatty acid oxidation, lipid storage, and cholesterol synthesis, this review offers a thorough analysis of the molecular mechanisms underlying lipid metabolism. In particular, the usefulness of low-fat diets and omega-3 fatty acids in enhancing metabolic health is examined. By combining nutrition science and biochemistry, this multidisciplinary approach provides a comprehensive view of lipid metabolism with the goal of offering evidence-based suggestions for maximizing fat consumption and improving general health. In order to provide evidence-based dietary recommendations for maximizing lipid metabolism and enhancing health outcomes, this multidisciplinary analysis combines nutrition and biochemistry.