Design, Development, and Evaluation of an Interactive Multimedia Resource for Teaching Kadazandusun Gong Music in Malaysia

In Malaysia, the Kadazandusun gong ensemble, locally known as sompogogungan, is a recognised form of indigenous musical heritage in the state of Sabah and has increasingly been introduced into formal and co-curricular school contexts, although its implementation is uneven. This study reports on the design and evaluation of an interactive multimedia instructional resource developed to support the teaching and learning of the Kadazandusun gong ensemble in educational settings. Guided by the ADDIE instructional design framework, the resource was structured through the organisation of core conceptual topics and performance-related content into clearly defined instructional units and learning outcomes. A mixed-methods approach was employed. Quantitative data were obtained through questionnaire-based evaluations conducted by specialists in music education and educational technology and analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews with educators/trainers and students following implementation in a school ensemble context. The findings show high ratings for instructional design criteria, content components, and learning outcomes, while learning activities received more moderate evaluations, pointing to areas requiring further refinement. Overall, the results suggest that the multimedia resource is appropriate for instructional use when implemented alongside hands-on ensemble practice.