Impact of Winter Air Supply Strategies on Thermal Comfort in Yamen Buildings: A Case Study of the Jiangsu Provincial Judicial Commissioner’s Office

The Jiangsu Provincial Judicial Commissioner’s Office, a significant official yamen and regional judicial-administrative center during the Ming and Qing dynasties, exemplifies one of the rare remaining instances of official architecture in Suzhou. Notwithstanding its historical continuity, the thermal and hygrothermal performance of its high and large historical building areas is unable to meet modern thermal comfort standards. Due to the concept of heritage conservation, “restoring the original state”, changing the thermal properties of the building envelope is difficult. Therefore, this study adopts a combined simulation method using DesignBuilder and Fluent to explore the potential to improve the indoor thermal climate by optimizing the HVAC air supply system. Various situations with differing supply air angles, velocities, and outlet configurations are assessed, utilizing temperature fields, velocity fields, and PMV-PPD indices as the primary evaluation criteria. The study’s findings demonstrate that air supply configurations have a substantial impact on the distribution of comfortable zones. The judicious selection of supply angles, velocities, and outlet arrangements can effectively mitigate vertical temperature stratification and enhance thermal comfort in the primary activity areas. The results offer technical guidance for optimizing HVAC operations in high and large historical buildings while preserving their original architectural characteristics.