A Phase II Study of Toripalimab in Combination with Gemcitabine and 5-Fluorouracil as First-Line Therapy for Advanced or Metastatic Biliary Tract Carcinoma

Toripalimab in combination with gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil showed promising efficacy and was well-tolerated as a first-line therapy in advanced biliary duct cancer patients. Although PD-L1 expression and TMB did not predict treatment benefit, larger studies are needed to validate potential biomarkers and further optimize immunochemotherapy strategies for BTC.