Study on the Mix Ratios of Early-Strength High-Permeability Cement-Based Grouting Materials for Seepage Control in Water-Sealed Underground Caverns

To meet the demanding requirements of high permeability and early strength in seepage control grouting for water-sealed underground caverns, a series of cement-based grouts was developed via novel polymer modification techniques. A systematic orthogonal experiment was designed to evaluate the influence of five key factors—W/C, CWRA, PS, TEA, and AS—on the workability and mechanical properties of the grouts. Range, variance, and comprehensive analyses were conducted to determine the weight of each factor. Based on these findings, quantitative methods were employed to optimize mix proportions for two specific engineering purposes: sealing permeable fractures and plugging grouting holes. The optimized mixes exhibited enhanced workability and mechanical performance, thereby offering a reliable technical solution for seepage control in water-sealed underground caverns.