Aesthetic Outcomes of Ultrasound Guided Laser Liposuction for Gynecomastia

Gynecomastia (GM) can be observed in a glandular, adipose, or mixed form. As per reports, the condition impacts up to 65% of males, with symptoms spanning from moderate excess to over feminization of the bosom. Idiopathic is the most prevalent cause of GM. Other potential causes of GM include cirrhosis, hyperthyroidism, obesity, hypogonadism, HIV, renal failure, and the use of specific therapeutic agents, including anabolic cimetidine, diazepam, steroids, chlorpromazine, and illicit substances. Additionally, testicular, or adrenocortical, tumors, as well as pituitary failure and tumors, are considered. The conventional surgical treatment for GM entails the abrupt excision of the mammary gland through a semicircular incision on the margin of the areola. Nevertheless, the cosmetic result of this procedure is frequently suboptimal due to complications such as scarring, "doughnut" deformities, nipple necrosis, nipple inversion, or loss of sensation in the nipple. Over 50% of cases who undergo these procedures have been reported to experience these complications. Nevertheless, excess of skin is a determining factor in the success of surgery and aesthetic acceptability of the outcome in terms of a natural shape and conformity to the male pectoral muscle region. The advantages of laser-assisted lipolysis include fast recovery time, excellent patient tolerance, and the additional benefit of dermal tightening. This review aimed to assess laser-assisted liposuction in GM treatment to correct breast volume, flaccidity, and skin tightening without its excision.