Creating an ๐‘› = 4 Pancake Graph in 3D

We give an explicit, symmetric realization of the pancake graph P4 in three-dimensional space. Starting from the Cayley-graph description of P4 via prefix reversals, we identify canonical polygonal cycles arising from alternating generators and use them to build a layered 3D embedding consisting of four hexagons on the faces of a tetrahedron. We define a concrete coordinate map (equivariant with respect to a natural action of S4) and prove that edges corresponding to flips are represented as straight segments in the model. This geometric viewpoint makes the structure and symmetry of P4 transparent and provides a practical framework for visualization.

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Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2025-12-27
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18067279
Primary Topic
Advanced Mathematical Theories
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

Creating an ๐‘› = 4 Pancake Graph in 3D

Yuki Takamoto, Riko Uryu, Mayumi Yasuda
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Advanced Mathematical Theories
article

Creating an ๐‘› = 4 Pancake Graph in 3D

Yuki Takamoto, Riko Uryu, Mayumi Yasuda
article en

Abstract

We give an explicit, symmetric realization of the pancake graph P4 in three-dimensional space. Starting from the Cayley-graph description of P4 via prefix reversals, we identify canonical polygonal cycles arising from alternating generators and use them to build a layered 3D embedding consisting of four hexagons on the faces of a tetrahedron. We define a concrete coordinate map (equivariant with respect to a natural action of S4) and prove that edges corresponding to flips are represented as straight segments in the model. This geometric viewpoint makes the structure and symmetry of P4 transparent and provides a practical framework for visualization.

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo High School (JP)
Openalex Percentile: Top 21%
Advanced Mathematical Theories
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