Evaluation of the expression of miRNA126 in chronic kidney disease patients infected with Gram-negative bacteria

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health problem and a killer in the modern era, and has become a cause of death worldwide, caused by different types of microbial agents, from the skin or rectum, that enters the urethra and infects the urinary tract. Aim of study: This study was designed to investigate the relationship between gene expression of miRNA-126 and the incidence of chronic kidney disease as biomarkers in a sample of Iraqi patients. Methodology: In total, 200 blood and urine samples were collected:150 samples from CKD patients and 50 samples from the control group were collected from healthy individuals. All samples were subjected to microbiological examination. Bacterial isolates from urine samples of all patients with UTI were identified by microscopy and phenotypic characteristics on two selective media, MacConkey and EMB, and subsequently confirmed by the Analytical Profile index and Vitek diagnostic system. Results: the results showed that the 110 isolates gave typical phenotypic characteristics and biochemical tests belonging to the genus Escherichia coli, accounting for 54.9%, 50 isolates (25.3%) were Klebsiella spp., 28 isolates (12.7%) were Shigella spp., and 12 isolates (7%) were Proteus spp., clinical biomarkers were determined for all patients group that infected with CKD, the results showed that there was significant increasing(p-value ≤ 0.05) in white blood cell, neutrophil, lymphocytes, blood urea and creatinine while there was non-significant increasing (p-value ≥0.05) in platelet count. A molecular study was done through analysis by RT-qPCR to quantify miRNA-126 expression as a biomarker for the disease. Conclusion: The fold change for miRNA126 is down-regulated in the patient compared to the control group (0.227).