Outcomes of cranial nerve disorders in pharyngo-laryngeal herpes zoster: A retrospective study of 34 cases at a single institution

Pharyngo-laryngeal HZ is a distinct clinical entity typically manifesting as cranial polyneuropathy. The IX and X nerves are most often involved, with laryngeal paralysis associated with poorer outcomes. A substantial proportion of patients experience severe or prolonged dysphagia, necessitating nutritional support and rehabilitation. The frequent occurrence of zoster sine herpete highlights the critical role of serological testing in diagnosis. These findings emphasize that pharyngo-laryngeal HZ can cause severe, lasting morbidity, warranting early recognition, aggressive treatment, and preventive strategies, including zoster vaccination.