Трансформація спостерігального документального кіно від минулого до сьогодення: жанр машиніма

The purpose of the study is to analyse the changes in the approach to creating observational documentary cinema, the search for coverage of ‘objective reality’, modern distribution potential, the transformation of documentary through the hybridisation of genres, and the influence of video games on cinema. To investigate the emergence of the ‘machinima’ genre, its role, development prospects and influence on modern audiovisual discourse. To outline the formulation of the method of creating an animation documentary film by observing the virtual world. The research methodology is based on the application of several scientific methods. The theoretical method focuses on analysing literary sources regarding the history and traditions of observational documentary cinema’s creation by various movements and authors, the path to its transformation and hybridisation, the emergence of video games, and the subsequent development of the ‘machinima’ genre. The empirical method involves researching the development of observational documentary cinema and the subsequent emergence of the ‘machinima’ genre by retrospectively highlighting essential authors and their works that directly influenced the formation of the genre within the broader cinematic context. The comparative method is used to draw parallels between video games and cinema. Scientific novelty. For the first time, the hybridisation of observational documentary cinema and the influence of video games as a medium on cinema are analysed. The details of the origin and development of the ‘machinima’ genre are established. The impact of the ‘machinima’ genre on the creation of animation documentary films is outlined by observing the in-game documentary environment. Conclusions. The article analyses the approach to creating observational documentary films, their transformation, and modern cross-genre discourse. The role of video games as part of modern audiovisual art, and their complementary influence on cinema, is defined. The emergence of the ‘machinima’ genre and its subsequent influence on contemporary observational documentary cinema are examined.