AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER IN 4-7 YEARS OLD CHILDREN WITH TYPICAL AND NON-TYPICAL DEVELOPMENT: ETIOLOGY, SYMPTOMATOLOGY AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF VIEWS USING THE CARS & CASQ TOOLS

This article deals with the autism spectrum disorder in children with typical and atypical development and attempts to investigate the causal factors and their particular characteristics through a bibliographic and research approach. Significant emphasis is given to the causal factors of the disorder, through the presentation of theories related to genetic, psychogenetic, neurological and environmental factors. In addition, issues of differential diagnosis with other developmental disorders, such as ADHD, are highlighted, since common difficulties in executive functions and behavioral regulation are encountered. Despite multiple research efforts, no single theory has been formulated that accurately and completely explains the occurrence of autism spectrum disorder. An extensive literature review on the concept of autism spectrum disorder, its forms (Kanner autism, Asperger syndrome, Rett syndrome) and a historical overview. In addition, the diagnostic categories as proposed by IDC-10 and DSM-V, regarding gender differences and epidemiological data that reveal the rapid increase in its occurrence in recent years, are mentioned.A qualitative study is presented through questionnaires to parents of children with autism spectrum disorder, with the aim of obtaining data regarding the observations, experiences and needs of children with mild psychomotor delays. The results of the questionnaires are compared with official opinions of the Center for Interdisciplinary Assessment, counseling and Support (KEDASY), in order to understand the experiences of the parents and to establish the accuracy of the diagnostic tools. The results of the study reveal the importance of early and accurate diagnosis, strengthening the role of parents and the necessity of a predictable environment for children with developmental disorders. In conclusion, the article contributes to the understanding of the nature of autism spectrum disorder and reveals perspectives for better support of the children themselves and their families. Therefore, the research process concludes that the correct identification and support of the individual with autism spectrum disorder is inextricably linked to the active role of the family and the emergence of the need for social awareness.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0941/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>