Global research trends in renewable energy technology transfer: implications for innovation policy and emerging economies

Purpose This study aims to examine the global scientific landscape of technology transfer in the renewable energy sector through bibliometric analysis. It addresses the key question of how research on renewable energy technology transfer has evolved worldwide and which studies, authors or institutions have shaped its progression. The study also analyzes how these dynamics influence innovation, policymaking and sustainable development in emerging economies. Design/methodology/approach A bibliometric analysis was conducted using 362 peer-reviewed journal articles retrieved from the Scopus database, covering the period from 1981 to July 2025. VOSviewer and Harzing’s Publish or Perish software were used to analyze co-authorship networks, keyword co-occurrence, citation structures and geographic research distribution. Findings This study elucidates the evolution of global research on renewable energy technology transfer and its implications for innovation, policy and sustainable development in emerging economies. Findings show a surge in output since 2018, led by China, the United States and the UK, with themes shifting from conceptual debates to applied issues such as energy security, foreign direct investment and institutional capacity, while offering practical insights for effective technology transfer strategies. Originality/value Theoretically, it is among the first systematic bibliometric analyses of renewable energy technology transfer, mapping its intellectual structure and collaboration patterns over four decades. In practice, it provides evidence-based insights for researchers and policymakers to enhance innovation, foster cross-border cooperation and design effective technology transfer strategies.