CMB Acoustic Scale and the Hubble Parameter from Temporal Kinetics in the Scalar Temporal Field Ontology

This work establishes a direct and model-independent connection between the temporal kinetic sector of the Scalar Temporal Field Ontology (STFO) and the primary geometric observables of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Building on the exact background relation between the Hubble parameter and temporal kinetics, the paper derives the dependence of the comoving sound horizon, angular diameter distance to last scattering, and acoustic angular scale on the temporal kinetic history X(a) through the modified Friedmann equation. An explicit first-order condition is obtained under which late-time expansion can be modified while preserving the CMB acoustic scale. This result provides a precise framework for assessing cosmological expansion tensions within a covariant temporal field theory.