Energy data space ensuring reliable interaction of virtuality and reality in integrated energy system: A survey

With the deep integration of energy and information networks, the low-carbon, efficient, and economical operation and management of integrated energy systems are increasingly driven by digital twins and large artificial intelligence models, which rely heavily on the robust support of the Internet of Things and big data. However, the data interaction process within energy systems faces issues such as varying privacy protection demands and conflicts of interest among participating entities, leading to development bottlenecks like prominent data silos, a lack of secure sharing mechanisms, and low collaborative efficiency. As a novel infrastructure for data resource circulation, the energy data space integrates various software and hardware encryption methods to construct a trusted execution environment, providing solutions for the secure sharing and value realization of energy data resources. Based on a decentralized yet adjustable underlying architecture, the energy data space can be adaptively designed according to the coupling characteristics of energy and information flows, meeting the real-time, efficiency, and scalability requirements of cross-entity systems and large-scale businesses. This paper investigates, analyzes, and summarizes technical routes through which the energy data space can facilitate the digital and intelligent transformation integrated energy systems. It also elaborates on the supporting role of the energy data space in the conceptual architecture, technical support, application scenarios, and value creation of energy industry upgrading.