Predictors of Venous Symptoms Improvement in Chronic Venous Disease Patients on Compression Therapy

Elastic compression is common in patients with chronic venous diseases (CVD). The evidence regarding the efficacy of compression treatment in reducing subjective symptoms of CVD is inconsistent. Objective — of the study was to identify factors influencing the efficacy of compression therapy in reducing subjective symptoms of CVD. Material and methods. The study included patients with CVD classified as C0S—C3S according to the CEAP. All patients wore first-class compression below-knee stockings (RAL standard). Changes in venous pain and discomfort in the lower limbs were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and four weeks after treatment initiation. Potential influencing factors included age, sex, BMI, clinical class according to CEAP, and daily duration of compression wear. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate their impact. Results. The study involved 49 patients with symptomatic CVD, with a mean age of 44.3±10.5 years, the average BMI was 26.1±3.4. Distribution across CEAP classes was as follows: C0 — 1 (2%), C1 — 20 (41%), C2 — 13 (26%), C3 — 15 (31%). No factors showed a significant correlation with changes in venous pain severity (p>0.05). A trend was observed toward an association between daily wear duration and changes in lower limb discomfort (p=0.07). Female sex was associated with a more intensive reduction in pain severity (p=0.04). Longer wear duration of the compression below-knee stockings was linked to a more significant decrease in pain and discomfort in the lower limbs (p=0.07 and p=0.04, respectively). Conclusions. Female sex and a 12-hour daily wear regimen are predictors of a more noticeable effect on venous pain. The only predictor of a more significant reduction in discomfort related to CVD is a 12-hour therapy regimen.