The State of Climate Action Planning in Higher Education in the Great Lakes Region

To address the growing impact of climate change and environmental issues, many colleges and universities have implemented formalized Climate Action Plans (CAPs). The content, scope, and specificity of these plans vary widely. We identified and evaluated 28 CAPs in the Great Lakes region to provide reference data that can inform planning and refinement of college and university CAPs. This study also investigated the relationship between institutional climate action efforts and broader sustainability goals, highlighting how well CAPs integrate with long-term sustainability planning. Findings showed considerable variation in the quality and comprehensiveness of CAPs within the region. Strengths evidenced in CAPs included clearly articulated carbon reduction goals, baseline greenhouse gas inventories, and strong commitments to sustainability. Plans frequently lacked concrete implementation strategies, dedicated funding mechanisms, and accountability mechanisms. By identifying both strengths and weaknesses in CAPs, this research offers benchmark data and guidance for institutions seeking to develop or improve their sustainability efforts and contribute meaningfully to addressing the climate crisis.