Pathomorphological Patterns of Placental Dysfunction in Late Manifestation of Fetal Growth Restriction

In cases of late-onset fetal growth restriction, placental lesions occur with the development of maternal and fetal vascular malperfusion. Pathomorphological criteria of maternal vascular malperfusion are statistically significant in the main group: infarctions, distal villous hypoplasia, decidual arteriopathy, and chorionic villous dysmaturation. Fetal vascular malperfusion is characterized by obliteration and thrombosis of the stem vessels of the anchoring and intermediate villi, avascularization, hyalinosis of the villi, and, less frequently, delayed maturation with the development of stromal-vascular karyorexis. In our study, both Type 1 and Type 2 fetal vascular malperfusion in different placentas with fetal growth restriction were found, but the segmental type was still the most common.