Dynamic optimization of shared storage for renewable driven grids with insights from Egypt

This paper presents an adaptive Shared Energy Storage (SES) framework tailored to Egypt's renewable energy landscape. The proposed approach integrates dynamic SES partitioning, Nash bargaining-based cooperation, and a distributed ADMM optimization algorithm to support flexible, real-time leasing of centralized SES units by multiple renewable producers. Unlike conventional fixed-allocation or fully cooperative models, the framework adjusts storage access in response to grid demand, market prices, and forecast variations. Simulation results indicate that the adaptive SES framework can increase storage utilization by more than 40% compared with fixed allocation, while maintaining economic viability under forecast uncertainty and battery degradation. Under [Formula: see text] prediction errors or reduced round-trip efficiency, the system continues to provide stable operation and balanced economic outcomes. The Nash bargaining mechanism facilitates equitable benefit sharing between producers and the SES operator, and the distributed ADMM algorithm enables scalable, near-real-time coordination. By coupling cooperative game theory with adaptive control, this study introduces a market-aware SES model that can enhance renewable integration, support grid reliability, and improve economic resilience in emerging energy systems. The framework aligns with Egypt's Vision 2035 priorities and offers insights for policymakers and grid operators considering SES deployment at scale.