Evaluation of the effect of resveratrol on bone healing after tooth extraction in rats treated with zoledronic acid

This study aimed to evaluate the potential use of resveratrol on bone healing after tooth extraction in zoledronic acid-treated rats. Seventy-two Wistar rats were separated into 4 groups of 18: no drugs (control group), zoledronic acid (ZA), resveratrol (RES), zoledronic acid + resveratrol (ZA + RES). The first and second molars of each rat were extracted and nine rats from each group were sacrificed on days 14 and 28. The extraction sites and blood samples were analyzed histologically, immunohistochemically and biochemically. The epithelization, connective tissue, new bone formation in RES group was significantly higher compared to ZA and ZA + RES groups on day 28. The connective tissue in control group was significantly higher compared to ZA and ZA + RES groups on days 14 and 28. BMP-4 levels in RES group were significantly higher compared to the other groups on days 14 and 28. Serum CTX levels in ZA + RES group were significantly higher compared to control and RES groups on day 14. Serum TRACP-5b levels in ZA + RES group, were significantly higher compared to control and RES groups on day 14. TRACP-5b level of the control was significantly lower than ZA and ZA + RES groups. Although resveratrol improved new bone formation in normal rats, no significant positive effects were detected in zoledronic acid-injected rats.