Molecular Docking Analysis of Unani Formulation Jawarish Bisbasa in Dyslipidemia Associated with Central Obesity: An Open-label Clinical Trial

Abstract Background: Dyslipidemia, characterized by abnormal lipid levels in the bloodstream, is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease due to elevated serum cholesterol. Lipoprotein disorders or hyperlipidemia may arise as primary abnormalities of lipid metabolism or as secondary manifestations of other conditions. Conventional lipid-lowering agents, particularly statins, are widely prescribed but prolonged use can result in hepatorenal toxicity. In the Unani Medical System, conditions such as Farṭ-i-Tadassum fid-dam and Farṭ-i-Shaḥmīn fid-dam are described, with management strategies involving lifestyle modifications and Unani drugs. Jawārish Bisbāsa is traditionally used for metabolic disorders, but its antihyperlipidemic potential requires systematic evaluation. Objective: To assess the antihyperlipidemic effect of Jawārish Bisbāsa in patients with hyperlipidemia associated with central obesity. Methods: An open-label clinical validation study was conducted at the Regional Research Institute of Unani Medicine, Mumbai. A total of 120 patients of both genders with defined body mass index were enrolled; 88 completed the study. Participants received Jawārish Bisbāsa 7 g twice daily with warm water for 8 weeks. Pathological investigations including BMI, low-density lipoprotein , high-density lipoprotein, and very low-density lipoprotein were assessed at baseline, first follow-up, and study completion. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired Student’s t-test and one-way ANOVA. Additionally, molecular docking studies were conducted to explore interactions between Jawārish Bisbāsa constituents and lipid-related proteins. Results: Significant reductions were observed in erythrocyte sedimentation rate, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and BMI after treatment compared to baseline. Improvements in lipid parameters were consistent across follow-up intervals. No adverse effects were reported during the study. Docking analyses suggested plausible molecular interactions underlying the observed antihyperlipidemic activity. Conclusion: Jawārish Bisbāsa demonstrated clinically significant antihyperlipidemic effects in patients with central obesity-related hyperlipidemia, with favorable safety outcomes. Computational docking provided mechanistic insights supporting its therapeutic potential. These findings validate the traditional Unani approach and highlight Jawārish Bisbāsa as a promising candidate for managing dyslipidemia.