TRAINING METHODS IN NEUROSURGERY - WHAT SOLUTIONS XXI CENTURY CAN OFFER?

Neurosurgical training has evolved in recent years, influenced by technological innovations, an increasing complexity of neurosurgical procedures, and growing patients’ expectations. While highly effective, traditional methods of learning in neurosurgery require the support of modern technologies to address the intricacy of the field. By synthesizing recent findings and trends, this article aims to provide valuable perspectives on improving neurosurgical training programs to prepare the next generation of neurosurgeons for the demands of a rapidly advancing field. This review explores innovations in neurosurgical education, highlighting 3D printing, virtual reality, augmented reality, and artificial intelligence. New technologies support traditional neurosurgical education, providing reusability, limitless repetitions, relevant feedback, and increased procedure comprehension, but with partial realism. Hence, high-technology solutions remain a valuable complement to traditional training.