Impact of Lymph Node Involvement on Prognosis and Survival in Patients With Ovarian Carcinoma: A Clinicopathological Correlation Study

Lymph node metastasis was identified in 48 patients (38.4%). Node positivity showed a significant association with high-grade tumors (p = 0.02) and advanced FIGO stage (p < 0.001). The mean number of lymph nodes dissected was 14.2 ± 6.8, while the mean lymph node ratio was 0.21 ± 0.14. Patients with lymph node involvement demonstrated a markedly lower three-year overall survival rate of 42.7%, compared with 78.1% in node-negative cases (p = 0.003, log-rank test). On multivariate Cox regression, lymph node positivity (heart rate (HR) = 2.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.38-4.21, p = 0.002) and advanced FIGO stage (HR = 3.05, 95% CI: 1.76-5.18, p < 0.001) emerged as independent predictors of poor survival. Conclusion: It is concluded that lymph node involvement is a significant independent prognostic factor in epithelial ovarian carcinoma, strongly associated with advanced stage, high tumor grade, and reduced survival. Accurate lymph node assessment should be routinely incorporated into surgical and pathological evaluation for precise staging and individualized management.