Poly(vinylidenefluoride) based nanocomposites-structural and functional materials for the future

Abstract Poly(vinylidenefluoride) (PVDF), a thermoplastic fluoropolymer, is well-known for its crystalline behavior, piezoelectricity, and pyroelectric properties. This review aims to guide both new and established research works in the characterization and application of PVDF nanocomposites by offering a comprehensive overview of the various applications of these composite systems to date, alongside their synthesis methods and the challenges associated with fabricating different materials forms. The structural aspects of the composites are discussed in relation to the added nanomaterials of various dimensions. The high dielectric properties, piezoelectric voltage output, and mechanical durability of these flexible films make them highly suitable for use in smart sensors and energy harvesting devices. Additionally, their ferroelectric tunable behavior renders them useful for tunable capacitors and advanced electronic components where variable dielectric and polarization properties are essential for performance optimization. We also examine the key problems and challenges faced in the development of PVDF composites and discuss advanced methods that can enhance scientific understanding and innovation in this field. A comprehensive study is essential for developing a foundational approach to tuning material properties, maximizing their application potential, and fostering a future marked by innovation and sustainability.